Disability Defination
Disability is a condition or function that is judged to be less capable compared to the standards used to measure its counterparts within the same group. The term is commonly used in reference to individual performance, including physical disability, sensory impairment, cognitive impairment, intellectual disability, mental illness, and many types of chronic diseases. Reference
Main types of disabilities
Hearing impairment
Visual impairment
Intellectual disability
Mobility impairment
Hearing impairment
Variations in hearing levels occur in humans affected by hearing impairment, ranging from mild to severe, which can affect a person at different stages of their growth. It is a disability that deprives the individual of hearing spoken words with or without the use of hearing aids. It includes people with hearing loss and deaf children. According to the severity of the impairment, it is divided into two main types:
- Hearing impaired
- Deaf
Visual impairment:
The blind: those who have lost their complete ability to see, which requires them to use the sense of touch to learn reading and writing in Braille. As for those with visual impairment that has not reached the severity level that can be considered as blind, they are referred to as having low vision. They can be divided into two categories:
1- Those with low vision
2- The blind
Intellectual disability
Intellectual disability is defined as a condition of halted or incomplete mental growth, characterized by a particular impairment in skills that appear during the developmental cycle. It affects the overall level of intelligence, including cognitive, linguistic, motor, and social abilities. It can occur with or without other psychological or physical disorders. This disability includes different types and degrees, including:
1- Autism spectrum disorder
2- Down syndrome
3- Delayed growth
4- Prader-Willi syndrome
5- Learning difficulties
6- Others
Statistics about disabilities
of the world’s population (i.e., one in every seven individuals is a person with a disability). The number of people with disabilities is expected to continue to rise due to aging populations and the worsening of chronic health conditions globally Reference
In Egypt, according to the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) until 2017, at least 10.6% of the population are officially registered as persons with disabilities.
In the United Arab Emirates, according to the World Health Organization, there are more than 11% of citizens who are persons with disabilities (people of determination).